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Design of optomechanical module for chemical mapping using Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy
Švábíková, Anna ; Samek, Ota (referee) ; Pořízka, Pavel (advisor)
Tato diplomová práce se zabývá návrhem optomechanického modulu pro chemické mapování metodou spektroskopie laserem buzeného plazmatu (LIBS). Cílem je vyvinout modul, který bude umožňovat analýzu spektrálních čar zinku v ultrafialové (UV) oblasti. V práci jsou popsány teoretické základy metody LIBS a následně je provedena rešerše zaměřená na problematiku dálkové LIBS analýzy. V diplomové práci jsou prezentovány možné optické návrhy fokusační a sběrné optiky, z nichž jsou vybrané následně otestovány. Výsledkem práce je konstrukční návrh modulu.
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Multi-element analysis of soft tissues in paraffin by laser induced breakdown spectroscopy
Kopřivová, Hana ; Samek, Ota (referee) ; Pořízka, Pavel (advisor)
This thesis deals with the analysis of paraffin-embedded soft tissues using laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) and the complementary technique of laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS). Specifically, the work focuses on optimizing soft tissue LIBS measurement parameters for femtosecond and nanosecond pulsed laser ablation at different wavelengths on mouse kidneys as a soft tissue model matrix. In addition, elemental analyses were performed on several samples of the most commonly occurring human skin cancers (malignant melanoma, basal cell carcinoma, and squamous cell carcinoma) using the above-mentioned analytical methods. Maps of the spatial distributions of biogenic elements were obtained. Aim of this work is to show a potential of new analytical methods that are not intended to replace the classical histological examination completely. However, these techniques could be used for preliminary screening of tumor tissue or purely as a complementary technique for histologists to diagnose cancers. Both methods could offer a completely new perspective on soft tissue cancer diagnosis in the future.
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Visualization of spectroscopic data using Principal Component Analysis
Šrenk, David ; Žák, Libor (referee) ; Pořízka, Pavel (advisor)
This diploma thesis deals with using laser-induced breakdown plasma spectroscopy for determining the elemental structure of unknown samples. It was necessary to design an appropriate method to qualify material by laser-induced emission spectrum. Pretreatment of data and using a variety of chemometrics methods had to be done in order to qualify the structure of elements. We achieved a required solution by projecting the data to a new PCA space, creating clusters and computing the Euclidean distance between each cluster. The experiment in the practical part was set to detect an interface of two elements. We created a data file simulating the ablation on the interface. This data set was gradually processed applying a mathematical-chemical-physical view. Several data procedures have been compiled: approximation by Lorenz, Gauss and Voigt function and also a pretreatment method such as the detection of outliers, standardization by several procedures and subsequent use of principal components analysis. A summarization of processes for input data is fully described in the thesis.
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Optimizing experimental parameters for LIBS analysis of hard tissues
Fazlić, Aida ; Kuchynka,, Michaela (referee) ; Pořízka, Pavel (advisor)
Tato diplomová práce se zaměřuje na detekci a analýzu těžkých kovů, zejména olova (Pb), v tvrdých tkáních pomocí hydroxyapatitových standardů a spektroskopie laserem buzeného plazmatu (LIBS). Studie využívala různé vlnové délky laseru 1064 nm, 532 nm a 266 nm, stejně jako různé konfigurace laseru, včetně jednopulzní (SP, z angl. single-pulse) LIBS a dvojpulzní (DP, z angl. double-pulse) LIBS v ortogonálním a kolineárním uspořádání. Byla provedena optimalizace parametrů laseru, jako jsou vlnová délka, defokus, doba zpoždění, mezipulzní doba zpoždění a energie. Poměr signál-ke-šumu (SBR), limit detekce a rozlišení odpovídající průměru ablačního kráteru sloužily jako základní parametry pro určení optimální kombinace parametrů. Výsledky této studie poskytují důležité poznatky o optimálních parametrech LIBS pro detekci a analýzu těžkých kovů v tvrdých tkáních, což může mít potenciálně významné dopady pro lékařský výzkum.
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Multi-element analysis of soft tissues in paraffin by laser induced breakdown spectroscopy
Kopřivová, Hana ; Samek, Ota (referee) ; Pořízka, Pavel (advisor)
This thesis deals with the analysis of paraffin-embedded soft tissues using laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) and the complementary technique of laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS). Specifically, the work focuses on optimizing soft tissue LIBS measurement parameters for femtosecond and nanosecond pulsed laser ablation at different wavelengths on mouse kidneys as a soft tissue model matrix. In addition, elemental analyses were performed on several samples of the most commonly occurring human skin cancers (malignant melanoma, basal cell carcinoma, and squamous cell carcinoma) using the above-mentioned analytical methods. Maps of the spatial distributions of biogenic elements were obtained. Aim of this work is to show a potential of new analytical methods that are not intended to replace the classical histological examination completely. However, these techniques could be used for preliminary screening of tumor tissue or purely as a complementary technique for histologists to diagnose cancers. Both methods could offer a completely new perspective on soft tissue cancer diagnosis in the future.
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Design of optomechanical module for chemical mapping using Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy
Švábíková, Anna ; Samek, Ota (referee) ; Pořízka, Pavel (advisor)
Tato diplomová práce se zabývá návrhem optomechanického modulu pro chemické mapování metodou spektroskopie laserem buzeného plazmatu (LIBS). Cílem je vyvinout modul, který bude umožňovat analýzu spektrálních čar zinku v ultrafialové (UV) oblasti. V práci jsou popsány teoretické základy metody LIBS a následně je provedena rešerše zaměřená na problematiku dálkové LIBS analýzy. V diplomové práci jsou prezentovány možné optické návrhy fokusační a sběrné optiky, z nichž jsou vybrané následně otestovány. Výsledkem práce je konstrukční návrh modulu.
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Visualization of spectroscopic data using Principal Component Analysis
Šrenk, David ; Žák, Libor (referee) ; Pořízka, Pavel (advisor)
This diploma thesis deals with using laser-induced breakdown plasma spectroscopy for determining the elemental structure of unknown samples. It was necessary to design an appropriate method to qualify material by laser-induced emission spectrum. Pretreatment of data and using a variety of chemometrics methods had to be done in order to qualify the structure of elements. We achieved a required solution by projecting the data to a new PCA space, creating clusters and computing the Euclidean distance between each cluster. The experiment in the practical part was set to detect an interface of two elements. We created a data file simulating the ablation on the interface. This data set was gradually processed applying a mathematical-chemical-physical view. Several data procedures have been compiled: approximation by Lorenz, Gauss and Voigt function and also a pretreatment method such as the detection of outliers, standardization by several procedures and subsequent use of principal components analysis. A summarization of processes for input data is fully described in the thesis.
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